Search results for "density [astrophysics]"

showing 10 items of 561 documents

The role of organoclay and matrix type in photo-oxidation of polyolefin/clay nanocomposite films

2009

Abstract In this paper the photo-oxidation behaviour of polyolefin/clay nanocomposite films was studied; in particular, the effect of the amount of organo-modifier and the matrix polarity on the photo-oxidation was investigated. Two different organo-modified clays and compositions of LDPE/EVA blend films were used and the photo-oxidation was followed by mechanical and spectroscopic analyses. The organoclay and matrix type strongly influence the photo-oxidative behaviour of nanocomposite films. The films filled with CL15A show a faster loss of mechanical performance and higher carbonyl formation with respect to the films filled with the CL20A. Additionally, the LDPE based nanocomposite under…

Materials scienceNanocompositePolymers and PlasticsConcentration effectPolyethyleneCondensed Matter PhysicsPolyolefinLow-density polyethylenechemistry.chemical_compoundSettore ING-IND/22 - Scienza E Tecnologia Dei MaterialiMontmorillonitePhoto-oxidation nanocomposites Polyethylene Poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate)chemistryMechanics of MaterialsMaterials ChemistryOrganoclayPolymer blendComposite materialPolymer Degradation and Stability
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Preparation and characterization of polyamide 6/polyethylene blend-clay nanocomposites in the presence of compatibilisers and stabilizing system

2010

Abstract Several compatibilising systems were added to high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and polyamide 6 (PA6) blends in the presence of an organically modified montmorillonite (OMM). All the blends were prepared by using a co-rotating twin-screw extruder and characterized by SEM, TEM and XRD analyses. In addition, the rheological behaviour and the mechanical properties – tensile and impact – were evaluated. The presence of OMM affects the dimensions of the polymeric phases in the blend but not their mutual adhesion, granted only by the compatibilisers. TEM, SEM and XRD analyses indicated that there is a strict correlation between the compatibilisation level and the final interlayer distance…

Materials scienceNanocompositePolymers and PlasticsNanocomposites Organoclay Compatibilisation Degradation StabilizationPolyethyleneCondensed Matter Physicschemistry.chemical_compoundSettore ING-IND/22 - Scienza E Tecnologia Dei MaterialiMontmorillonitechemistryMechanics of MaterialsPhase (matter)Ultimate tensile strengthPolyamideMaterials ChemistryHigh-density polyethyleneComposite materialDispersion (chemistry)Polymer Degradation and Stability
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Effective antimicrobial materials based on low-density polyethylene (LDPE) with zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles

2019

[EN] Effective antimicrobial polymeric nanocomposites were prepared with low density polyethylene (LDPE) and zinc oxide nanoparticles by melt compounding. These nanoparticles (~17 nm) obtained by the sol¿gel method, were used both as-synthesized and modified organically with oleic acid (Mod-ZnO). Young¿s modulus increased ~15 and 18% for LDPE/ZnO and LDPE/Mod-ZnO, respectively, compared to neat LDPE. When these composites were irradiated with white light, they showed an increase with nanoparticle incorporation, and the antimicrobial properties against E. coli were ~96¿99%. The release of the Zn cations was related to the antimicrobial properties. These nanocomposites are attractive for use …

Materials scienceNanoparticlechemistry.chemical_elementMechanical properties02 engineering and technologyZinc010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesIndustrial and Manufacturing Engineeringchemistry.chemical_compoundCIENCIA DE LOS MATERIALES E INGENIERIA METALURGICAComposite materialNanocompositeMechanical EngineeringPolyethylene021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyAntimicrobial0104 chemical sciencesFood packagingLow-density polyethylenechemistryChemical engineeringMechanics of MaterialsCompoundingPolyethyleneMAQUINAS Y MOTORES TERMICOSCeramics and CompositesZinc oxide nanoparticlesAntimicrobial packaging0210 nano-technology
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Subwavelength mapping of surface photonic states

2003

We show that the spectral tailoring of optical local density of states (LDOS) may be achieved by lithographically designed nanostructures and that the subwavelength mapping of the spectral variation of the optical LDOS is feasible by varying the driving frequency of the effective dipole used in an illumination mode scanning near-field optical microscope.

Materials scienceNanostructureLocal density of statesbusiness.industryMechanical EngineeringNear-field opticsPhysics::OpticsBioengineeringGeneral ChemistryCondensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effectlaw.inventionDipoleOpticsOptical microscopeMechanics of MaterialslawDensity of statesGeneral Materials ScienceElectrical and Electronic EngineeringPhotonicsbusinessLithographyNanotechnology
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The Single Molecule Probe: Nanoscale Vectorial Mapping of Photonic Mode Density in a Metal Nanocavity

2009

International audience; We use superresolution single-molecule polarization and lifetime imaging to probe the local density of states (LDOS) in a metal nanocavity. Determination of the orientation of the molecular transition dipole allows us to retrieve the different LDOS behavior for parallel and perpendicular orientations with respect to the metal interfaces. For the perpendicular orientation, a strong lifetime reduction is observed for distances up to 150 nm from the cavity edge due to coupling to surface plasmon polariton modes in the metal. Contrarily, for the parallel orientation we observe lifetime variations resulting from coupling to characteristic λ/2 cavity modes. Our results are…

Materials scienceNanostructurePolymersMICROCAVITYBiophysicsMetal NanoparticlesPhysics::OpticsBioengineering02 engineering and technologyLIFETIME01 natural sciencesENHANCEMENT0103 physical sciencesMaterials TestingNanotechnologyGeneral Materials ScienceSpontaneous emission[SPI.NANO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/Microelectronics010306 general physicsPhotons[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]Local density of states[ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]Condensed matter physicsMechanical EngineeringSurface plasmonFLUORESCENCE MICROSCOPYSPONTANEOUS EMISSIONGeneral ChemistryEquipment DesignSurface Plasmon Resonance021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsPolarization (waves)Surface plasmon polaritonCRYSTALSDipoleMicroscopy FluorescenceMetalsDensity of statesMicroscopy Electron Scanning[SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic[ SPI.NANO ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/Microelectronics[ SPI.OPTI ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic0210 nano-technologyNEAR-FIELD
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Low-Temperature Coherent Thermal Conduction in Thin Phononic Crystal Membranes

2016

In recent years, the idea of controlling phonon thermal transport coherently using phononic crystals has been introduced. Here, we extend our previous numerical studies of ballistic low-temperature heat transport in two-dimensional hole-array phononic crystals, and concentrate on the effect of the lattice periodicity. We find that thermal conductance can be either enhanced or reduced by large factors, depending on the the lattice period. Analysis shows that both the density of states and the average group velocity are strongly affected by the periodic structuring. The largest effect for the reduction seen for larger period structures comes from the strong reduction of the group velocities, …

Materials sciencePhononGeneral Chemical Engineeringfinite element method02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesInorganic ChemistryThermal conductivityLattice (order)0103 physical sciencesphononic crystallcsh:QD901-999General Materials Sciencephononic crystal; thermal conduction; finite element method010306 general physicsCondensed matter physicsta114021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsThermal conductionFinite element methodelementtimenetelmäMembraneDensity of statesGroup velocitylcsh:Crystallography0210 nano-technologythermal conductionCrystals
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Cathodic electrodeposition of ZnCoO thin films

2008

We report on the characterization of ternary Zn1–xCoxO alloy crystalline films grown by electrodeposition onto FTO-coated substrates. The Zn1–xCoxO films have hexagonal wurtzite structure as shown by X-ray diffraction measurements. The Co incorporation into the ZnO lattice is confirmed by the presence of absorption peaks assigned to Co in trigonal crystal field. X-ray photoemission spectroscopy indicates that as-grown films have a considerable concentration of not-fully oxidized metallic Co in the surface that correlates with the O concentration in the surface. Finally, Raman measurements of as-grown films indicate that they are polycrystalline with grains of nanometric size showing short-r…

Materials sciencePhotoemission spectroscopyAlloyengineering.materialCondensed Matter PhysicsCrystallographysymbols.namesakeDensity of statesengineeringsymbolsCrystalliteThin filmTernary operationRaman spectroscopyWurtzite crystal structurephysica status solidi c
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Electronic structure of delta-doped $La:SrTiO_{3}$ layers by hard X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

2012

We have employed hard x-ray photoemission (HAXPES) to study a delta-doped SrTiO3 layer that consisted of a 3-nm thickness of La-doped SrTiO3 with 6% La embedded in a SrTiO3 film. Results are compared to a thick, uniformily doped La:SrTiO3 layer. We find no indication of a band offset for the delta-doped layer, but evidence of the presence of Ti3+ in both the thick sample and the delta-layer, and indications of a density of states increase near the Fermi energy in the delta-doped layer. These results further demonstrate that HAXPES is a powerful tool for the non-destructive investigation of deeply buried doped layers.

Materials sciencePhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesElectron spectroscopyBand offsetsymbols.namesakeCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceX-ray photoelectron spectroscopyCondensed Matter::Superconductivity0103 physical sciencesddc:530010306 general physicsbusiness.industryFermi levelDopingFermi energy021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologysymbolsDensity of statesOptoelectronicsCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsAtomic physics0210 nano-technologybusinessLayer (electronics)
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A simple interpretation of the effect of the polymer type on the properties of PMBs for road paving applications

2018

Abstract The paper presents the results of the rheological characterisation of polymer-modified bitumen for paving applications. In order to find a simple interpretation of the influence of polymer type on the blends produced, in this study high density and low density polyethylene (PE) with different chemical properties were used, as well as ethylene-vinyl acetate. The chemical characteristics of the base bitumen and the polymers used were determined by means of SARA analysis and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, FTIR, respectively. The morphology of the produced blends was investigated by means of fluorescent light optic microscopy, while the mechanical properties were investigated…

Materials sciencePolymer crystallinity0211 other engineering and technologies02 engineering and technologyCrystallinityViscosityRheology021105 building & constructionSettore ICAR/04 - Strade Ferrovie Ed AeroportiGeneral Materials ScienceFourier transform infrared spectroscopyComposite materialCivil and Structural Engineeringchemistry.chemical_classificationPolarityBuilding and ConstructionDynamic mechanical analysisPolymer021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyShear rateLow-density polyethyleneSettore ING-IND/22 - Scienza E Tecnologia Dei MaterialichemistryPolymer modified bitumenFlow curveMaterials Science (all)Road application0210 nano-technologyConstruction and Building Materials
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Injection Molding and Mechanical Properties of Bio-Based Polymer Nanocomposites

2018

The use of biodegradable/bio-based polymers is of great importance in addressing several issues related to environmental protection, public health, and new, stricter legislation. Yet some applications require improved properties (such as barrier or mechanical properties), suggesting the use of nanosized fillers in order to obtain bio-based polymer nanocomposites. In this work, bionanocomposites based on two different biodegradable polymers (coming from the Bioflex and MaterBi families) and two different nanosized fillers (organo-modified clay and hydrophobic-coated precipitated calcium carbonate) were prepared and compared with traditional nanocomposites with high-density polyethylene (HDPE…

Materials sciencePolymer nanocompositeinjection molding02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry01 natural scienceslcsh:TechnologyArticleprocessing; injection molding; biodegradable polymers; nanocompositeschemistry.chemical_compoundRheologyBiodegradable polymernanocompositesBiodegradable polymers; Injection molding; Nanocomposites; ProcessingGeneral Materials Sciencelcsh:Microscopylcsh:QC120-168.85chemistry.chemical_classificationNanocompositeNanocompositelcsh:QH201-278.5lcsh:TPolymerPolyethylene021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyBiodegradable polymer0104 chemical sciencesMolding (decorative)Chemical engineeringchemistrylcsh:TA1-2040biodegradable polymersprocessinglcsh:Descriptive and experimental mechanicsHigh-density polyethylenelcsh:Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering0210 nano-technologylcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)lcsh:TK1-9971Materials
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